See hean on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "hene"
},
"expansion": "Middle English hene",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hēan",
"t": "lowly, despised, poor, mean, bare, abject"
},
"expansion": "Old English hēan (“lowly, despised, poor, mean, bare, abject”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hauniz",
"t": "low, lowly"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hauniz (“low, lowly”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kaw-",
"t": "to degrade, humiliate"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kaw- (“to degrade, humiliate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "höhn",
"t": "jeering, demeaning, bad"
},
"expansion": "German höhn (“jeering, demeaning, bad”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌽𐍃",
"t": "contemptible, base, humble"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌽𐍃 (hauns, “contemptible, base, humble”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "hoon",
"t": "scorn, insult"
},
"expansion": "Dutch hoon (“scorn, insult”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "kauns",
"t": "shame, disgrace, dishonour"
},
"expansion": "Latvian kauns (“shame, disgrace, dishonour”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "καυνός",
"t": "bad"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek καυνός (kaunós, “bad”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English hene, from Old English hēan (“lowly, despised, poor, mean, bare, abject”), from Proto-Germanic *hauniz (“low, lowly”), from Proto-Indo-European *kaw- (“to degrade, humiliate”).\nCognate with German höhn (“jeering, demeaning, bad”), Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌽𐍃 (hauns, “contemptible, base, humble”), Dutch hoon (“scorn, insult”), Latvian kauns (“shame, disgrace, dishonour”), Ancient Greek καυνός (kaunós, “bad”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more hean",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most hean",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "hean (comparative more hean, superlative most hean)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"word": "heanling"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Mean; abject; poor; humble; lowly."
],
"id": "en-hean-en-adj-1CSkCzlV",
"links": [
[
"Mean",
"mean"
],
[
"abject",
"abject"
],
[
"poor",
"poor"
],
[
"humble",
"humble"
],
[
"lowly",
"lowly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Mean; abject; poor; humble; lowly."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hiːn/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-hean.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fa/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hean.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hean.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fa/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hean.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hean.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːn"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "hene"
}
],
"word": "hean"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "henen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English henen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hīenan",
"t": "to fell, prostrate, overcome, weaken, crush, afflict, injure, oppress, abase, humble, insult, accuse, condemn"
},
"expansion": "Old English hīenan (“to fell, prostrate, overcome, weaken, crush, afflict, injure, oppress, abase, humble, insult, accuse, condemn”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*haunijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *haunijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*haunijaną",
"t": "to humiliate"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *haunijaną (“to humiliate”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kaw-",
"t": "to degrade, humiliate"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kaw- (“to degrade, humiliate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "huynjen",
"t": "to wound, abuse, hurt"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian huynjen (“to wound, abuse, hurt”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "höhnen",
"t": "to mock, jeer, scoff"
},
"expansion": "German höhnen (“to mock, jeer, scoff”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "hån",
"t": "heckle, mocking"
},
"expansion": "Swedish hån (“heckle, mocking”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English henen, from Old English hīenan (“to fell, prostrate, overcome, weaken, crush, afflict, injure, oppress, abase, humble, insult, accuse, condemn”), from Proto-West Germanic *haunijan, from Proto-Germanic *haunijaną (“to humiliate”), from Proto-Indo-European *kaw- (“to degrade, humiliate”).\nCognate with North Frisian huynjen (“to wound, abuse, hurt”), German höhnen (“to mock, jeer, scoff”) Swedish hån (“heckle, mocking”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "heans",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "heaning",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "heaned",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "heaned",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "hean (third-person singular simple present heans, present participle heaning, simple past and past participle heaned)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 74",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 47 22 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 61 13 3 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 71 10 2 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To treat with contumely; insult; humiliate; debase; lower."
],
"id": "en-hean-en-verb-7aIq8Pzy",
"links": [
[
"treat",
"treat"
],
[
"contumely",
"contumely"
],
[
"insult",
"insult"
],
[
"humiliate",
"humiliate"
],
[
"debase",
"debase"
],
[
"lower",
"lower"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) To treat with contumely; insult; humiliate; debase; lower."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hiːn/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-hean.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fa/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hean.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hean.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fa/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hean.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hean.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːn"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "hene"
}
],
"word": "hean"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "hene"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: hene",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: hene"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hean#Etymology 1"
},
"expansion": "English: hean",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: hean"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hauniz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hauniz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *hauniz, whence also the Old High German noun hōna.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hēan",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hēan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēane",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēane",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēane",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēane",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēane",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēane",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēane",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hēana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēane",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēane",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēane",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hēan"
},
"expansion": "hēan",
"name": "ang-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hēan"
},
"name": "ang-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"low, mean, abject, humble"
],
"id": "en-hean-ang-adj-WcDhULDU",
"links": [
[
"low",
"low"
],
[
"mean",
"mean"
],
[
"abject",
"abject"
],
[
"humble",
"humble"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "since once, long ago, covered my goldfriend(s)\nwith darkness of earth, and poor I thereupon\ntraveled sad as winter over binding of waves,",
"ref": "10th century, The Wanderer:",
"text": "siþþan ġeāra iū · goldwine mīn(n)e\nhrusan heolstre biwrāh, · ond iċ hēan þonan\nwōd winterċeariġ · ofer waþema ġebind,",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"poor, miserable"
],
"id": "en-hean-ang-adj-YRDHAksi",
"links": [
[
"poor",
"poor"
],
[
"miserable",
"miserable"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"humiliated; despicable"
],
"id": "en-hean-ang-adj-i~oEUGUl",
"links": [
[
"humiliated",
"humiliated"
],
[
"despicable",
"despicable"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xæ͜ɑːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[hæ͜ɑːn]"
}
],
"word": "hean"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English verbs",
"Old English adjectives",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/iːn",
"Rhymes:English/iːn/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "heanling"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "hene"
},
"expansion": "Middle English hene",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hēan",
"t": "lowly, despised, poor, mean, bare, abject"
},
"expansion": "Old English hēan (“lowly, despised, poor, mean, bare, abject”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hauniz",
"t": "low, lowly"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hauniz (“low, lowly”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kaw-",
"t": "to degrade, humiliate"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kaw- (“to degrade, humiliate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "höhn",
"t": "jeering, demeaning, bad"
},
"expansion": "German höhn (“jeering, demeaning, bad”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌽𐍃",
"t": "contemptible, base, humble"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌽𐍃 (hauns, “contemptible, base, humble”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "hoon",
"t": "scorn, insult"
},
"expansion": "Dutch hoon (“scorn, insult”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "kauns",
"t": "shame, disgrace, dishonour"
},
"expansion": "Latvian kauns (“shame, disgrace, dishonour”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "καυνός",
"t": "bad"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek καυνός (kaunós, “bad”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English hene, from Old English hēan (“lowly, despised, poor, mean, bare, abject”), from Proto-Germanic *hauniz (“low, lowly”), from Proto-Indo-European *kaw- (“to degrade, humiliate”).\nCognate with German höhn (“jeering, demeaning, bad”), Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌽𐍃 (hauns, “contemptible, base, humble”), Dutch hoon (“scorn, insult”), Latvian kauns (“shame, disgrace, dishonour”), Ancient Greek καυνός (kaunós, “bad”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more hean",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most hean",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "hean (comparative more hean, superlative most hean)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Mean; abject; poor; humble; lowly."
],
"links": [
[
"Mean",
"mean"
],
[
"abject",
"abject"
],
[
"poor",
"poor"
],
[
"humble",
"humble"
],
[
"lowly",
"lowly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Mean; abject; poor; humble; lowly."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hiːn/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-hean.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fa/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hean.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hean.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fa/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hean.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hean.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːn"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hene"
}
],
"word": "hean"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English verbs",
"Old English adjectives",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/iːn",
"Rhymes:English/iːn/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "henen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English henen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hīenan",
"t": "to fell, prostrate, overcome, weaken, crush, afflict, injure, oppress, abase, humble, insult, accuse, condemn"
},
"expansion": "Old English hīenan (“to fell, prostrate, overcome, weaken, crush, afflict, injure, oppress, abase, humble, insult, accuse, condemn”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*haunijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *haunijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*haunijaną",
"t": "to humiliate"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *haunijaną (“to humiliate”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kaw-",
"t": "to degrade, humiliate"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kaw- (“to degrade, humiliate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "huynjen",
"t": "to wound, abuse, hurt"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian huynjen (“to wound, abuse, hurt”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "höhnen",
"t": "to mock, jeer, scoff"
},
"expansion": "German höhnen (“to mock, jeer, scoff”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "hån",
"t": "heckle, mocking"
},
"expansion": "Swedish hån (“heckle, mocking”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English henen, from Old English hīenan (“to fell, prostrate, overcome, weaken, crush, afflict, injure, oppress, abase, humble, insult, accuse, condemn”), from Proto-West Germanic *haunijan, from Proto-Germanic *haunijaną (“to humiliate”), from Proto-Indo-European *kaw- (“to degrade, humiliate”).\nCognate with North Frisian huynjen (“to wound, abuse, hurt”), German höhnen (“to mock, jeer, scoff”) Swedish hån (“heckle, mocking”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "heans",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "heaning",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "heaned",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "heaned",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "hean (third-person singular simple present heans, present participle heaning, simple past and past participle heaned)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To treat with contumely; insult; humiliate; debase; lower."
],
"links": [
[
"treat",
"treat"
],
[
"contumely",
"contumely"
],
[
"insult",
"insult"
],
[
"humiliate",
"humiliate"
],
[
"debase",
"debase"
],
[
"lower",
"lower"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) To treat with contumely; insult; humiliate; debase; lower."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hiːn/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-hean.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fa/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hean.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hean.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fa/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hean.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-hean.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːn"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hene"
}
],
"word": "hean"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English adjectives",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "hene"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: hene",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: hene"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hean#Etymology 1"
},
"expansion": "English: hean",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: hean"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hauniz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hauniz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *hauniz, whence also the Old High German noun hōna.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hēan",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hēan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēane",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēane",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēane",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēane",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēane",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēane",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēane",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hēana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēane",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēane",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēane",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hēanum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hēan"
},
"expansion": "hēan",
"name": "ang-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hēan"
},
"name": "ang-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"low, mean, abject, humble"
],
"links": [
[
"low",
"low"
],
[
"mean",
"mean"
],
[
"abject",
"abject"
],
[
"humble",
"humble"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "since once, long ago, covered my goldfriend(s)\nwith darkness of earth, and poor I thereupon\ntraveled sad as winter over binding of waves,",
"ref": "10th century, The Wanderer:",
"text": "siþþan ġeāra iū · goldwine mīn(n)e\nhrusan heolstre biwrāh, · ond iċ hēan þonan\nwōd winterċeariġ · ofer waþema ġebind,",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"poor, miserable"
],
"links": [
[
"poor",
"poor"
],
[
"miserable",
"miserable"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"humiliated; despicable"
],
"links": [
[
"humiliated",
"humiliated"
],
[
"despicable",
"despicable"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xæ͜ɑːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[hæ͜ɑːn]"
}
],
"word": "hean"
}
Download raw JSONL data for hean meaning in All languages combined (15.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.